Hollow fiber membranes have emerged/are gaining traction/present a novel as an essential component in numerous industrial processes. Their unique structure, characterized by a continuous fiber/tubular/walled configuration with a porous membrane layer, allows for/facilitates/enables efficient separation and filtration of diverse substances. This rev

Hollow fiber membranes have emerged as a versatile and effective technology for water treatment applications. These ultra-fine fibers offer a large surface area for filtration, promoting the elimination of various contaminants from water supplies . The unique structure of hollow fiber membranes allows for high flux rates and efficient transport of

Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors provide a versatile platform for cellular processes. Their design consists of an array of hollow fibers, acting as microenvironments. Fine-tuning the structure and material properties of these fibers is vital for achieving desired process performance. Key design considerations include fiber thickness, fiber distri

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) harnessing polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes have emerged as a promising solution for wastewater treatment due to their high efficiency in removing both organic and inorganic pollutants. This article presents a thorough performance evaluation of PVDF membrane bioreactors, examining key parameters such as permeate